Zolakwika zomwe zimachitika ndi ma bulldozer ndi njira zawo zothetsera mavuto

Monga zida zomangira misewu yapansi, ma bulldozer amatha kusunga zinthu zambiri ndi anthu ogwira ntchito, kufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga misewu, ndikuchepetsa kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito. Pantchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku, ma bulldozer amatha kukumana ndi zovuta zina chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino kapena kukalamba kwa zidazo. Izi ndi kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane kwa zomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kumeneku:

1. Bulldozer siiyamba: Pambuyo poigwiritsa ntchito bwino, siiyambanso ndipo palibe utsi. Choyambira chimagwira ntchito bwino, ndipo poyamba chimaonedwa kuti dera la mafuta ndi lolakwika. Pogwiritsa ntchito pampu yamanja popopera mafuta, ndinapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amapopedwa kunali kokwanira, panalibe mpweya mu mafuta, ndipo pampu yamanja imatha kugwira ntchito mwachangu. Izi zikusonyeza kuti mafuta operekedwa ndi abwinobwino, mzere wa mafuta sunatsekeke, ndipo palibe mpweya wotuluka. Ngati ndi makina omwe angogulidwa kumene, kuthekera kwa kuti pampu yolowetsa mafuta isagwire ntchito bwino (chisindikizo cha lead sichinatsegulidwe) ndi kochepa. Pomaliza, nditaona chodulira chodulidwa, ndinapeza kuti sichinali pamalo abwinobwino. Nditachitembenuza ndi dzanja, chinayamba bwino. Zinapezeka kuti vuto linali mu valavu ya solenoid. Nditasintha valavu ya solenoid, injini inagwira ntchito bwino ndipo vuto linathetsedwa.
2. Kuvuta kuyambitsa bulldozer: Pambuyo poigwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso kuimitsa, bulldozer imayamba molakwika ndipo siitulutsa utsi wambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito pampu yamanja popopera mafuta, kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amapopedwa sikokwanira, koma palibe mpweya womwe umayenda mu mafuta. Pampu yamanja ikagwira ntchito mwachangu, vacuum yayikulu imapangidwa, ndipo pisitoni ya pampu yamafuta imayamwa yokha. Zimaweruzidwa kuti palibe mpweya wotuluka mumzere wamafuta, koma izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zinyalala zomwe zimatseka mzere wamafuta. Zifukwa zomwe zimachepetsa mzere wamafuta ndi izi:

①Khoma lamkati la raba la chitoliro cha mafuta likhoza kulekana kapena kugwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mzere wa mafuta utsekeke. Popeza makinawo sanagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, kuthekera kwa ukalamba ndi kochepa ndipo kungachotsedwe kwakanthawi.

②Ngati thanki yamafuta sinatsukidwe kwa nthawi yayitali kapena ngati dizilo yosayera ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, zinyalala zomwe zili mmenemo zitha kuyamwa mu mzere wamafuta ndikuwunjikana m'malo opapatiza kapena zosefera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mzere wamafuta utseke. Titafunsa woyendetsa, tidapeza kuti panali kusowa kwa dizilo mu theka lachiwiri la chaka, ndipo dizilo yosakhazikika yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo fyuluta ya dizilo sinatsukidwepo. Vutoli likuganiziridwa kuti lili m'derali. Chotsani fyuluta. Ngati fyuluta ili yodetsedwa, sinthani fyuluta. Nthawi yomweyo, yang'anani ngati mzere wamafuta uli wosalala. Ngakhale mutachita izi, makinawo sakuyamba bwino, kotero zimenezo sizingachitike.

③Mzere wa mafuta umatsekedwa ndi sera kapena madzi. Chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira m'nyengo yozizira, poyamba zidapezeka kuti chifukwa cha kulephera chinali kutsekedwa kwa madzi. Zikumveka kuti dizilo ya O# idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo cholekanitsa mafuta ndi madzi sichinatulutse madzi. Popeza palibe kutsekedwa kwa sera mu mzere wa mafuta komwe kudapezeka panthawi yowunikira kale, pamapeto pake zidapezeka kuti vuto lidayambitsidwa ndi kutsekedwa kwa madzi. Pulagi yotulutsira madzi ndi yotayirira ndipo madzi sakuyenda bwino. Nditachotsa cholekanitsa mafuta ndi madzi, ndinapeza zotsalira za ayezi mkati. Nditatsuka, makinawo amagwira ntchito bwino ndipo vuto limathetsedwa.

1. Kulephera kwa magetsi a bulldozer: Pambuyo pa ntchito ya usiku, makinawo sangayambe ndipo mota yoyambira singathe kuzungulira.

①Batire yalephera. Ngati mota yoyambira siikutembenuka, vuto likhoza kukhala ndi batire. Ngati magetsi a batire ayesedwa kuti ndi ochepera 20V (pa batire ya 24V), batireyo ndi yolakwika. Pambuyo pochiza ndi kuchaja, imabwerera mwakale.

②Mawaya amayenda momasuka. Nditagwiritsa ntchito kwakanthawi, vutoli lidakalipo. Nditatumiza batire kuti ikonzedwe, linabwerera mwakale. Pa nthawiyi ndinaganiza kuti batireyo inali yatsopano, kotero panalibe mwayi woti ingatulutsidwe mosavuta. Ndinayatsa injini ndipo ndinaona kuti ammeter ikusinthasintha. Ndinayang'ana jenereta ndipo ndinapeza kuti inalibe mphamvu yokhazikika yamagetsi. Pali njira ziwiri panthawiyi: imodzi ndi yakuti dera loyatsira magetsi ndi lolakwika, ndipo ina ndi yakuti jenereta yokha sigwira ntchito bwino. Nditayang'ana mawaya, ndinapeza kuti maulumikizidwe angapo anali omasuka. Nditalimbitsa, jenereta inabwerera mwakale.

③Kuchuluka kwa zinthu. Pambuyo pa nthawi yogwiritsa ntchito, batire imayambanso kutulutsa. Popeza vuto lomweli limachitika kangapo, chifukwa chake ndi chakuti makina omanga nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito waya umodzi (mtengo woipa umayikidwa pansi). Ubwino wake ndi mawaya osavuta komanso kukonza kosavuta, koma vuto lake ndilakuti ndi losavuta kuyatsa zida zamagetsi.

1. Kuyankha kwa chiwongolero cha bulldozer kumakhala kochedwa: chiwongolero chakumanja sichimakhudzidwa. Nthawi zina chimatha kutembenuka, nthawi zina chimachita pang'onopang'ono chikagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lever. Dongosolo la hydraulic lowongolera makamaka limakhala ndi fyuluta yolimba 1, pampu yowongolera 2, fyuluta yopyapyala 3, valavu yowongolera chiwongolero 7, cholimbikitsira mabuleki 9, valavu yoteteza, ndi choziziritsira mafuta 5. Mafuta a hydraulic omwe ali mu nyumba ya clutch yowongolera amayamwa mu clutch yowongolera. Pampu yowongolera 2 imadutsa mu fyuluta yolimba yamaginito 1, kenako imatumizidwa ku fyuluta yowongolera 3, kenako imalowa mu valavu yowongolera chiwongolero 4, cholimbikitsira mabuleki ndi valavu yoteteza. Mafuta a hydraulic omwe amatulutsidwa ndi valavu yoteteza (kupanikizika kosinthidwa ndi 2MPa) amalowa mu valavu yodutsa choziziritsira mafuta. Ngati kuthamanga kwa mafuta kwa valavu yodutsa choziziritsira mafuta kupitirira kuthamanga komwe kwakhazikitsidwa 1.2MPa chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa choziziritsira mafuta 5 kapena makina odzola, mafuta a hydraulic amatulutsidwa mu nyumba ya clutch yowongolera. Pamene lever yowongolera yakokedwa pakati, mafuta a hydraulic omwe amalowa mu valavu yowongolera chiwongolero 7 amalowa mu clutch yowongolera. Pamene chowongolera chikokedwa pansi, mafuta a hydraulic amapitirira kulowa mu chowongolera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chowongolera chizimitsidwe, ndipo nthawi yomweyo chimalowa mu chowonjezera mabuleki kuti chigwire ntchito ngati buleki. Pambuyo pofufuza, poyamba zimaganiziridwa kuti cholakwikacho chinachitika:

①Chowongolera sichingathe kulekanitsidwa kwathunthu kapena kutsetsereka;

②Buleki yoyendetsera galimoto sigwira ntchito. 1. Zifukwa zomwe clutch siimalekanitsidwa kapena kutsetsereka kwathunthu ndi izi: zinthu zakunja zimaphatikizapo kupanikizika kosakwanira kwa mafuta komwe kumalamulira clutch yoyendetsera galimoto. Kusiyana kwa kuthamanga pakati pa madoko B ndi C si kwakukulu. Popeza chiwongolero chakumanja chokha ndi chomwe sichimva bwino ndipo chiwongolero chakumanzere ndi chabwinobwino, zikutanthauza kuti kuthamanga kwa mafuta ndikokwanira, kotero cholakwika sichingakhale m'derali. Zinthu zamkati zimaphatikizapo kulephera kwa kapangidwe ka clutch. Pazinthu zamkati, makina amafunika kuchotsedwa ndikuyang'aniridwa, koma izi ndi zovuta kwambiri ndipo sizidzawunikidwa pakadali pano. 2. Zifukwa zomwe brake yoyendetsera galimoto yalephera ndi izi:①Kupanikizika kwa mafuta a mabuleki sikukwanira. Kupanikizika kwa madoko D ndi E ndi komweko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izi zisatheke.②Chimbale cholumikizirana chimatsika. Popeza makinawo sanagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, kuthekera kwa chimbale cholumikizirana ndi kochepa.③Kuthamanga kwa braking ndi kwakukulu kwambiri. Mangitsani ndi torque ya 90N·m, kenako muyibwezeretse mmbuyo maulendo 1 1/6. Pambuyo poyesa, vuto la chiwongolero chakumanja chosagwira ntchito lathetsedwa. Nthawi yomweyo, kuthekera kwa kulephera kwa kapangidwe ka mkati mwa clutch nakonso kwathetsedwa. Chifukwa cha vuto ndichakuti braking stroke ndi yayikulu kwambiri.