Zolakwika zodziwika za ma bulldozer ndi njira zawo zothetsera mavuto

Monga zida zopangira misewu yapansi, ma bulldozer amatha kupulumutsa zida zambiri ndi anthu, kufulumizitsa ntchito yomanga misewu, ndikuchepetsa kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito.Pantchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku, ma bulldozers amatha kukumana ndi zovuta zina chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino kapena kukalamba kwa zida.Zotsatirazi ndikuwunika mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zimayambitsa zolephera izi:

  1. Bulldozer sidzayamba: Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachizolowezi, sichidzayambiranso ndipo kulibe utsi.Choyambira chimagwira ntchito bwino, ndipo poyambirira chimaweruzidwa kuti dera lamafuta ndi lolakwika.Pogwiritsa ntchito pampu yamanja popopera mafuta, ndinapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa mafuta opopera kunali kokwanira, kunalibe mpweya mukuyenda kwa mafuta, ndipo pompu yamanja imatha kugwira ntchito mofulumira.Izi zikuwonetsa kuti mafuta ndi abwinobwino, chingwe chamafuta sichimatsekeka, ndipo palibe kutuluka kwa mpweya.Ngati ndi makina omwe angogulidwa kumene, kuthekera kwa kupopera kwa jekeseni wamafuta (chisindikizo chotsogolera sichimatsegulidwa) ndikochepa.Pomaliza, nditaona chotchinga choduka, ndidapeza kuti sichinali momwemo.Ataitembenuza ndi dzanja, idayamba bwino.Zinatsimikiziridwa kuti vuto linali mu valve solenoid.Pambuyo posintha valavu ya solenoid, injiniyo inagwira ntchito bwino ndipo vuto linathetsedwa.
  2. Kuvuta kuyambitsa bulldozer: Pambuyo poigwiritsa ntchito bwino ndikuyimitsa, bulldozer imayamba bwino ndipo sichitulutsa utsi wambiri.Mukamagwiritsa ntchito pampu yamanja kuti mupope mafuta, kuchuluka kwa mafuta opopera sikuli kwakukulu, koma kulibe mpweya mukuyenda kwamafuta.Pampu yamanja ikagwira ntchito mwachangu, chotsekera chachikulu chimapangidwa, ndipo pistoni yapampu yamafuta imangoyamwa.Zimaganiziridwa kuti palibe mpweya wotuluka mumzere wa mafuta, koma umayamba chifukwa cha zonyansa zomwe zimatsekereza mzere wa mafuta.Zifukwa za kutsekeka kwa mzere wa mafuta ndi:

Khoma lamkati la mphira la chitoliro chamafuta limatha kulekanitsa kapena kugwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mzere wamafuta uzitsekeka.Popeza makinawo sanagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, mwayi wokalamba ndi wochepa ndipo ukhoza kuchotsedwa kwakanthawi.

Ngati thanki yamafuta sinayeretsedwe kwa nthawi yayitali kapena dizilo yodetsedwa ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, zonyansa zomwe zili mkati mwake zimatha kuyamwa munjira yamafuta ndikuwunjikana m'malo opapatiza kapena zosefera, zomwe zimayambitsa kutsekeka kwa chingwe chamafuta.Titafunsa woyendetsa, tidamva kuti dizilo idasowa mu theka lachiwiri la chaka, ndipo dizilo yosakhala yokhazikika idagwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi, ndipo fyuluta ya dizilo inali isanayeretsedwe.Vutoli likuganiziridwa kuti lili mderali.Chotsani fyuluta.Ngati fyulutayo ili yakuda, sinthani fyulutayo.Nthawi yomweyo, fufuzani ngati mzere wamafuta ndi wosalala.Ngakhale pambuyo masitepe, makina akadali si jombo bwino, kotero kuti analamulidwa ngati zotheka.

Njira yamafuta imatsekedwa ndi sera kapena madzi.Chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira m'nyengo yozizira, poyamba zinadziwika kuti chifukwa cha kulephera chinali kutsekedwa kwa madzi.Zimamveka kuti O # dizilo idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo cholekanitsa chamadzi-mafuta sichinatulutse madzi.Popeza palibe kutsekeka kwa sera mumzere wamafuta komwe kunapezeka pakuwunika koyambirira, zidadziwika kuti cholakwikacho chidachitika chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa madzi.Pulagi ya drain ndi yotayirira ndipo madzi akuyenda siwosalala.Nditachotsa cholekanitsa chamadzi amafuta, ndidapeza zotsalira za ayezi mkati.Pambuyo poyeretsa, makinawo amagwira ntchito bwino ndipo cholakwikacho chimathetsedwa.

  1. Kulephera kwamagetsi kwa Bulldozer: Pambuyo pa ntchito yausiku, makinawo sangayambike ndipo choyambira sichingazungulire.

Kulephera kwa batri.Ngati choyambira sichitembenuka, vuto likhoza kukhala ndi batire.Ngati mphamvu ya batire ya batire ikayesedwa kuti ndi yochepera 20V (ya batire ya 24V), batireyo ndi yolakwika.Pambuyo pa mankhwala a sulfation ndi kulipiritsa, zimabwerera mwakale.

Wiring ndi womasuka.Pambuyo poigwiritsa ntchito kwakanthawi, vuto likadalipo.Pambuyo potumiza batire kuti ikonzedwe, idabwerera mwakale.Panthawiyi ndinawona kuti batriyo inali yatsopano, kotero panalibe mwayi woti itulutsidwe mosavuta.Ndinayambitsa injini ndipo ndinawona kuti ammeter ikusinthasintha.Nditayang'ana jenereta ndipo ndidapeza kuti ilibe mphamvu yamagetsi yokhazikika.Pali zotheka ziwiri panthawiyi: imodzi ndi yakuti dera lokondweretsa ndilolakwika, ndipo lina ndiloti jenereta yokhayo silingagwire ntchito bwino.Pambuyo poyang'ana mawaya, zidapezeka kuti zolumikizira zingapo zidasokonekera.Atawalimbitsa, jeneretayo inabwerera mwakale.

Zochulukira.Pambuyo pa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, batire imayambanso kutulutsa.Popeza cholakwika chomwecho chimachitika kangapo, chifukwa chake ndi chakuti makina omanga nthawi zambiri amatenga waya umodzi (ndondomeko yolakwika imakhazikika).Ubwino wake ndi waya wosavuta komanso kukonza bwino, koma kuipa kwake ndikuti ndikosavuta kuwotcha zida zamagetsi.

  1. Kuyankha kwa bulldozer kumayenda pang'onopang'ono: chiwongolero chakumanja sichimamva bwino.Nthawi zina imatha kutembenuka, nthawi zina imayamba pang'onopang'ono itatha kugwiritsa ntchito lever.Chiwongolero cha hydraulic system makamaka chimakhala ndi fyuluta yowonongeka 1, mpope woyendetsa 2, fyuluta yabwino 3, valve yoyendetsa 7, brake booster 9, valve yotetezera, ndi mafuta ozizira 5. Mafuta a hydraulic mu clutch chiwongolero. nyumba imayamwa mu chiwongolero chowongolera.Pampu yowongolera 2 imadutsa pa fyuluta ya maginito 1, kenako imatumizidwa ku fyuluta yabwino 3, kenako imalowetsa valavu yowongolera 4, chiwongolero cha brake ndi valve yotetezera.Mafuta a hydraulic otulutsidwa ndi valavu yotetezera (kupanikizika kosinthidwa ndi 2MPa) amalowa mu valavu yoziziritsira mafuta.Ngati kupanikizika kwamafuta kwa valavu yoziziritsira mafuta kupitilira kuthamanga kwa 1.2MPa chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa chozizira chamafuta 5 kapena makina opaka mafuta, mafuta a hydraulic adzatulutsidwa m'nyumba yowongolera.Chiwongolero chikakokedwa pakati, mafuta a hydraulic omwe amalowa mu chiwongolero chowongolera 7 amalowa mu clutch yowongolera.Chiwongolero chikakokedwa pansi, mafuta a hydraulic akupitilizabe kulowa mu chowongolera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwongolerocho chisasunthike, ndipo nthawi yomweyo chimalowa mu brake booster kuti chikhale ngati brake.Pambuyo pofufuza, zimaganiziridwa kuti cholakwika chinachitika:

Chiwongolero chowongolera sichingathe kulekanitsidwa kwathunthu kapena kutsetsereka;

Mabuleki owongolera sagwira ntchito.1. Zifukwa zomwe clutch sichimalekanitsidwa kwathunthu kapena kutsetsereka ndi: zinthu zakunja zimaphatikizapo kusakwanira kwamafuta owongolera chowongolera.Kusiyana kwamphamvu pakati pa madoko B ndi C sikwakukulu.Popeza kuti chiwongolero cholondola chokha sichimakhudzidwa ndipo chiwongolero chakumanzere ndi chachilendo, zikutanthauza kuti kuthamanga kwa mafuta ndi kokwanira, choncho cholakwikacho sichingakhale m'derali.Zinthu zamkati zimaphatikizapo kulephera kwadongosolo kwamkati kwa clutch.Pazinthu zamkati, makinawo amayenera kupatulidwa ndikuwunikiridwa, koma izi ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo sizidzayang'aniridwa panthawiyo.2. Zifukwa zakulephereka kwa mabuleki chiwongolero ndi:Kuthamanga kwamafuta a brake osakwanira.Zokakamiza pa madoko D ndi E ndizofanana, kutsutsa izi.Mbalame ya friction imatsetsereka.Popeza makinawo sanagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, kuthekera kwa kuvala mbale zokangana kumakhala kochepa.Braking stroke ndi yayikulu kwambiri.Limbani ndi torque ya 90N·m, ndiye mutembenuzire 11/6 mokhotakhota.Pambuyo poyesa, vuto la chiwongolero chabwino chosayankhidwa chathetsedwa.Pa nthawi yomweyo, kuthekera kwa mkati structural kulephera kwa clutch amalamulidwanso.Choyambitsa cholakwikacho ndikuti braking stroke ndi yayikulu kwambiri.


Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-17-2023