Mitundu 7 ya Zofukula

Mitundu ya zofukula zili ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso ntchito zake:

Crawler Excavators: Omwe amadziwikanso kuti ofukula wamba, awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ntchito zambiri zakukumba.Amakhala ndi mayendedwe m'malo mwa mawilo, omwe amawapangitsa kukhala okhazikika komanso okhazikika pamagawo osiyanasiyana.Chifukwa cha mayendedwe, ndi oyenerera kugwira ntchito pamtunda wosafanana kapena wofewa, monga dothi lamatope kapena mchenga.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukumba, kugwetsa, kusuntha nthaka, komanso kunyamula katundu wolemera.

Zofukula za ma Wheeled: Poyerekeza ndi zofukula zokwawa, zofukula zamawilo zimakhala ndi kuyenda kwabwinoko ndipo ndizoyenera malo olimba komanso malo akumizinda.Amatha kuyenda mwachangu m'misewu, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino m'malo omwe malo ogwirira ntchito amasintha pafupipafupi.

Zofukula za Dragline: Zofukula zamtundu uwu nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofukula zazikulu, monga migodi yapamtunda ndi kukumba dzenje lakuya.Ofukula ma dragline ali ndi chidebe chachikulu chomwe chimayimitsidwa ndi zingwe ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito "koka" zinthu.Iwo ali oyenerera makamaka kukumba mtunda wautali ndikusuntha zinthu zambiri.

Suction Excavators: Amadziwikanso kuti vacuum excavators, awa amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamphamvu kwambiri kuchotsa zinyalala ndi dothi pansi.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza pansi poyala zinthu zapansi panthaka kuti asawononge zida zomwe zilipo.

Zofukula za Skid Steer: Zofukula zazing'onozi ndizosunthika kwambiri ndipo zimatha kugwira ntchito pamalo olimba.Mapangidwe awo amalola kusintha kwachangu chomata, monga ndowa, nyundo, matsache, ndi zina zotero, zoyenera ntchito zosiyanasiyana monga kugwetsa, kusakaniza nthaka, ndi kuyeretsa.

Zofukula Zofikira Kwautali: Ndi mkono wotambasulidwa ndi ndowa, ndizoyenera malo omwe zida zofukula pansi sizingafike.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kugwetsa nyumba, kukonza njira zamadzi, ndi zina zomwe zimafuna kuti zichitike mtunda wautali.

Zofukula Zazing'ono: Zofukula zazing'ono ndi zazing'ono kukula kwake ndipo ndizoyenera kugwira ntchito m'malo ocheperako, monga madera akumidzi kapena malo opapatiza.Ngakhale kuti ndi yaying'ono poyerekeza ndi zofukula zazikulu, zimakhalabe zamphamvu komanso zogwira mtima ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma pulojekiti ang'onoang'ono komanso ntchito yokonza malo.

Zofukula zamitundu iyi zimapangidwa molingana ndi zofunikira zantchito ndipo zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kuyambira ntchito zazing'ono zam'munda mpaka ntchito zomanga zazikulu.

1. Crawler Excavators

Mosiyana ndi zofukula zina zazikulu zomwe zimayendera mawilo, zokwawa zimathamanga panjira ziwiri zazikulu zopanda malire ndipo ndi zabwino kwambiri pantchito zamigodi ndi zomanga zolemera.Omwe amadziwikanso kuti compact excavators, ofukulawa amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamagetsi zamagetsi kunyamula zinyalala zolemera ndi nthaka.

Ma wheel wheel system amawalola kutsika ndikukwera mapiri popanda chiopsezo chocheperako, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kuyika madera amapiri ndi kukongoletsa malo osagwirizana.Ngakhale kuti zimachedwa pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi zofukula zina, zokwawa zimapereka bwino, kusinthasintha ndi kukhazikika kwathunthu.

Zabwino:Perekani kukhazikika kwakukulu ndi kukhazikika pamtunda wosafanana

Zoyipa:Pang'onopang'ono kuposa ena ofukula ena

2. Zofukula za magudumu

Zofukula zamagudumu ndizofanana kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe a zokwawa koma zimathamanga pamagudumu m'malo mwa njanji.Kusintha mayendedwe ndi mawilo kumawapangitsa kukhala othamanga komanso osavuta kuyendetsa pa konkriti, phula ndi malo ena athyathyathya pomwe akupereka mphamvu zomwezo.

Chifukwa mawilo sakhala okhazikika pamtunda wosagwirizana kusiyana ndi njanji, zofukula zamawilo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga misewu ndi ntchito zamatawuni.Komabe, ogwira ntchito amatha kuwonjezera zowonjezera kuti awonjezere kukhazikika pamene akusintha pakati pa asphalt kapena konkire ndi malo osagwirizana.

Zabwino:Mofulumira komanso zosavuta kuyendetsa pamalo athyathyathya

Zoyipa:Kuchita bwino m'malo osagwirizana

3. Dragline Excavators

Dragline excavator ndi chofufutira chokulirapo chomwe chimagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana.Chidacho chimagwiritsa ntchito chingwe cholumikizira chomwe chimamangirira ku ndowa kudzera pa hoist coupler.Mbali ina ya chidebecho imamangiriridwa ku chingwe chokokera kuchokera ku ndowa kupita ku kabati.Chingwe chokweza chimakweza ndi kutsitsa chidebecho pomwe chingwe chokokera chimakokera chidebecho kwa dalaivala.

Chifukwa cha kulemera kwawo, ma draglines nthawi zambiri amasonkhanitsidwa pamalopo.Dongosolo lapadera la zofukula zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pama projekiti akuluakulu a zomangamanga monga kuopa ngalande.

Zabwino:Dongosolo la Dragline ndiloyenera kukumba pansi pamadzi komanso kuopa ngalande

Zoyipa:Kulemera kwake ndi kukula kwake kumapangitsa kuti ntchito zing'onozing'ono zisagwire ntchito

4. Suction Excavators

Zomwe zimatchedwanso vacuum excavators, zofukula zoyamwa zimakhala ndi chitoliro choyamwa chomwe chimatha kupereka mphamvu zokwana 400.Wofukulayo amayamba kutulutsa jeti lamadzi kuti amasule nthaka.

Chitolirocho, chomwe chili ndi mano akuthwa m’mphepete mwake, kenako chimapanga chotsekera chomwe chimanyamula dothi ndi zinyalala mpaka mailosi 200 pa ola.

Chofukula choyamwitsa ndi choyenera kugwiritsa ntchito movutikira, chifukwa chimatha kuchepetsa mwayi wowonongeka ndi 50 peresenti.

Zabwino:Kuwongolera kowonjezera kumachepetsa kuwonongeka panthawi yantchito zovuta

Zoyipa:Mapaipi ang'onoang'ono oyamwa ndi osatheka pakugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu

5. Skid Steer Excavators

Mosiyana ndi ofukula wamba, ma skid steers ali ndi ma boom ndi ndowa zomwe zimayang'ana kutali ndi dalaivala.Kuyika uku kumapangitsa kuti zomata zifike pamwamba pa cab m'malo mozungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zofukula izi zikhale zothandiza m'malo opapatiza komanso kuyendetsa mozungulira movutikira.

Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maiwe, kuyeretsa malo, ntchito zogona komanso kuchotsa zinyalala, pomwe malo amakhala ochepa komanso zinthu zimafalikira patali.

Zabwino:Zosavuta kuyendetsa m'malo owoneka bwino komanso opapatiza

Zoyipa:Osachita bwino pamalo oterera kapena oterera

6. Long Fikirani Excavators

Monga momwe dzina lake likusonyezera, chofukula chofikira chachitali chimakhala ndi mbali zazitali za mkono ndi boom.Mapangidwewa amalola kugwira ntchito bwino m'malo ovuta kufikako.Dzanja lotambasulidwa la chofukulalo limatha kufika mamita 100 mopingasa.

Zofukulazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwambiri pakugwetsa ma projekiti monga kugumuka ndi kugwetsa makoma amadzi.Zophatikizira zosiyanasiyana zitha kumangika pamkono kuti zigwire ntchito zina monga kumeta, kuphwanya ndi kudula.

Zabwino:Kukula kwakutali ndikwabwino kwa malo ovuta kufikako komanso ntchito zogwetsa

Zoyipa:Zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito pamipata yothina

7. Mini Excavators

M'zaka zaposachedwa, makontrakitala ambiri akugwiritsa ntchito zofukula zazing'ono, njira yaying'ono komanso yopepuka ya chofufutira chomwe chimatha kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa nthaka ndikulowetsa malo odzaza, opapatiza ngati malo oimikapo magalimoto ndi malo amkati.Zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti compact excavators, zofukula zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizira kugwedezeka kwa mchira kapena zero kuti azikhota molimba ndikupewa zopinga zilizonse.